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1 фугасное действие
1) Military: crater effect2) Engineering: mine action, mining effect3) Mining: heaving action (взрыва заряда), propellant effect (взрывчатого вещества), propellent action (взрывчатого вещества), propellent force (взрывчатого вещества), pushing action (взрывчатого вещества), rending action (взрывчатого вещества), rending effect (взрывчатого вещества)4) Astronautics: blast effect -
2 воздействие, оказываемое на среду расширяющимися газами взрыва
Mining: expansion effect, heaving effectУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > воздействие, оказываемое на среду расширяющимися газами взрыва
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3 метательное действие
Mining: heaving action (взрыва заряда), propellant effect (взрывчатого вещества), propellent action (взрывчатого вещества), propellent force (взрывчатого вещества), pushing action (взрывчатого вещества), rending action (взрывчатого вещества), rending effect (взрывчатого вещества)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > метательное действие
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4 влияние выветривания
Mining: weathering effectУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > влияние выветривания
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5 вредное воздействие рудничной пыли
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > вредное воздействие рудничной пыли
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6 гидрофобизирующее действие
Mining: hydrophobic effectУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > гидрофобизирующее действие
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7 действие раствора
Mining: solution effect -
8 лавинообразное движение
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > лавинообразное движение
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9 накапливающееся действие
Mining: cumulative effectУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > накапливающееся действие
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10 усиление действия взрыва
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > усиление действия взрыва
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11 эффект Монро
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12 эффект размягчения
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > эффект размягчения
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13 Garforth, William Edward
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 1845 Dukinfield, Cheshire, Englandd. 1 October 1921 Pontefract, Yorkshire, England[br]English colliery manager, pioneer in machine-holing and the safety of mines.[br]After Menzies conceived his idea of breaking off coal with machines in 1761, many inventors subsequently followed his proposals through into the practice of underground working. More than one century later, Garforth became one of the principal pioneers of machine-holing combined with the longwall method of working in order to reduce production costs and increase the yield of coal. Having been appointed agent to Pope \& Pearson's Collieries, West Yorkshire, in 1879, of which company he later became Managing Director and Chairman, he gathered a great deal of experience with different methods of cutting coal. The first disc machine was exhibited in London as early as 1851, and ten years later a pick machine was invented. In 1893 he introduced an improved type of deep undercutting machine, his "diamond" disc coal-cutter, driven by compressed air, which also became popular on the European continent.Besides the considerable economic advantages it created, the use of machinery for mining coal increased the safety of working in hard and thin seams. The improvement of safety in mining technology was always his primary concern, and as a result of his inventions and his many publications he became the leading figure in the British coal mining industry at the beginning of the twentieth century; safety lamps still carry his name. In 1885 he invented a firedamp detector, and following a severe explosion in 1886 he concentrated on coal-dust experiments. From the information he obtained of the effect of stone-dust on a coal-dust explosion he proposed the stone-dust remedy to prevent explosions of coal-dust. As a result of discussions which lasted for decades and after he had been entrusted with the job of conducting the British coal-dust experiments, in 1921 an Act made it compulsory in all mines which were not naturally wet throughout to treat all roads with incombustible dust so as to ensure that the dust always consisted of a mixture containing not more than 50 per cent combustible matter. In 1901 Garforth erected a surface gallery which represented the damaged roadways of a mine and could be filled with noxious fumes to test self-contained breathing apparata. This gallery formed the model from which all the rescue-stations existing nowadays have been developed.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1914. LLD Universities of Birmingham and Leeds 1912. President, Midland Institute 1892–4. President, The Institution of Mining Engineers 1911–14. President, Mining Association of Great Britain 1907–8. Chairman, Standing Committee on Mining, Advisory Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. Fellow of the Geological Society of London. North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Greenwell Silver Medal 1907. Royal Society of Arts Fothergill Gold Medal 1910. Medal of the Institution of Mining Engineers 1914.Bibliography1901–2, "The application of coal-cutting machines to deep mining", Transactions of the Federated Institute of Mining Engineers 23: 312–45.1905–6, "A new apparatus for rescue-work in mines", Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers 31:625–57.1902, "British Coal-dust Experiments". Paper communicated to the International Congress on Mining, Metallurgy, Applied Mechanics and Practical Geology, Dusseldorf.Further ReadingGarforth's name is frequently mentioned in connection with coal-holing, but his outstanding achievements in improving safety in mines are only described in W.D.Lloyd, 1921, "Memoir", Transactions of the Institution of Mining Engineers 62:203–5.WKBiographical history of technology > Garforth, William Edward
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14 краевой эффект
1) Engineering: Eberhard effect, Eberhard's effect, boundary disturbance (при расчёте оболочек), edge disturbance (в тонкостенных покрытиях), edge effect, end effect, fringe effect2) Mathematics: tip effect3) Railway term: fringing effect4) Mining: edge effect (при смачивании)5) Metallurgy: base-relief effect, fringing field6) Astronautics: marginal effect7) Ecology: border effect8) Oil&Gas technology boundary effect9) Makarov: border effect (изменение характера роста по краям поля, опытных делянок, на грядках, у бокового ограждения теплицы), contour sharpness, edge effect (изменение характера роста по краям поля, опытных делянок, на грядках, у бокового ограждения теплицы), end effect (в большепролётных конструкциях)10) Electrochemistry: fringe effect (прохождение тока по краю диска) -
15 Oeynhausen, Karl von
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 4 February 1795 Grevenburg, near Höxter, Germanyd. 1 February 1865 Grevenburg, near Höxter, Germany[br]German mining officer who introduced fish joints to deep-drilling.[br]The son of a mining officer, Oeynhausen started his career in the Prussian administration of the mining industry in 1816, immediately after he had finished his studies in natural sciences and mathematics at the University of Göttingen. From 1847 until his retirement he was a most effective head of state mines inspectorates, first in Silesia (Breslau; now Wroclaw, Poland), later in Westphalia (Dortmund). During his working life he served in all the important mining districts of Prussia, and travelled to mining areas in other parts of Germany, Belgium, France and Britain. In the 1820s, after visiting Glenck's well-known saltworks near Wimpfen, he was commissioned to search for salt deposits in Prussian territory, where he discovered the thermal springs south of Minden which later became the renowned spa carrying his name.With deeper drills, the increased weight of the rods made it difficult to disengage the drill on each stroke and made the apparatus self-destructive on impact of the drill. Oeynhausen, from 1834, used fish joints, flexible connections between the drill and the rods. Not only did they prevent destructive impact, but they also gave a jerk on the return stroke that facilitated disengagements. He never claimed to have invented the fish joints: in fact, they appeared almost simultaneously in Europe and in America at that time, and had been used since at least the seventeenth century in China, although they were unknown in the Western hemisphere.Using fish joints meant the start of a new era in deep-drilling, allowing much deeper wells to be sunk than before. Five weeks after Oeynhausen, K.G. Kind operated with a different kind of fish joint, and in 1845 another Prussian mining officer, Karl Leopold Fabian (1782–1855), Director of the salt inspectorate at Schönebeck, Elbe, improved the fish joints by developing a special device between the rod and the drill to enable the chisel, strengthened by a sinker bar, to fall onto the bottom of the hole without hindrance with a higher effect. The free-fall system became another factor in the outstanding results of deep-drilling in Prussia in the nineteenth century.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHonorary PhD, University of Berlin 1860.Bibliography1824, "Über die geologische Ähnlichkeit des steinsalzführenden Gebirges in Lothringen und im südlichen Deutschland mit einigen Gegenden auf beiden Ufern der Weser", Karstens Archiv für Bergbau und Hüttenwesen 8: 52–84.1847, "Bemerkungen über die Anfertigung und den Effekt der aus Hohleisen zusammengesetzten Bohrgestänge", Archiv fur Mineralogie, Geognosie, Bergbau und Hüttenkunde 21:135–60.1832–3, with H.von Dechen, Über den Steinkohlenbergbau in England, 2 parts, Berlin.Further Readingvon Gümbel, "K.v.Oeynhausen", Allgemeine deutsche Biographie 25:31–3.W.Serlo, 1927, "Bergmannsfamilien. Die Familien Fabian und Erdmann", Glückauf.492–3.D.Hoffmann, 1959, 150 Jahre Tiefbohrungen in Deutschland, Vienna and Hamburg (a careful elaboration of the single steps and their context with relation to the development of deep-drilling).WK -
16 приводить в действие
1) General subject: activate, actuate, bring into action, bring into play, drive, give effect to (закон), operate, play, put into action, put into play, put on, set into action, bring into action, bring into play, give effect to, put into effect4) Mathematics: cause to move, set in motion, bring into action drive5) Economy: bring into service6) Accounting: work7) Mining: set in motion (машину)8) Diplomatic term: give effect to (закон и т.п.)9) Fishery: put into operation10) Metrology: gear11) Business: carry into effect, give effect to14) Automation: run, trip, power up, put into effect15) Oceanography: energise17) Makarov: activate (оборудование), animate, bring into effect, bring into operation, place in operation, play off, set going, spring, throw in action, trigger, call forth, call into action, call into being, call into existence, call into operation, call into playУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > приводить в действие
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17 тяга
1) General subject: bent, desire, draft, draught, draw, hankering (к чему-л.), haul (сетей), haulage, pull, pulsion, traction, would, (к чему-л.) craving2) Biology: roding (вальдшнепа)3) Aviation: down-lock actuating rod, drawing bar, push, sliding shaft, lbs thrust4) Naval: air draft (о воздухе), reciprocating rod, towing5) American: draft (в топочных и вентиляционных устройствах)6) Sports: tugging8) Engineering: drag-link, dragging, drawbar, drawbar pull, drawing, handlebar, hauling, lever, link rod, linkage rod, operating rod (рычажной передачи), propulsion (передаваемая движителю сила), pull rod (ручного тормоза), pull stud, rod (соединительный элемент), shaft, signal rod (семафорного крыла), steering link (рулевого механизма), thrust (в воздушном транспорте), thrust power (в воздушном транспорте), tie (соединительный элемент), tie rod, tie rod assembly, traction (в наземном транспорте), tug9) Agriculture: dragbar10) Construction: guiding rule, guy rod in tension, pull-bar, stay brace, traction bar, bar, current (о воздухе), pull (дымовой трубы)11) British English: draught (в топочных и вентиляционных устройствах)12) Railway term: connection rod, detent pin (расширительного золотника)13) Automobile industry: blast, brace, draft effect, drafting, drag bar, guy, propulsive thrust, pull rod (работающая на растяжение), pull-rod, rod in tension, tension member, thrust (развиваемая гребным винтом, реактивной струёй и т. п.)14) Architecture: molding, moulding, string cornice16) Metallurgy: linkage, stack effect, tension rod17) Textile: cross rod, crossing rod19) Oil: link, rein (центрального привода при насосной эксплуатации), tension bar, thrust20) Fishery: roding (вальдшнепов)21) Astronautics: drive, drive shaft (замков продольного стыка), motive power, propulsive effort, propulsive power22) Mechanic engineering: tiller23) Silicates: suction26) Drilling: pulling27) Sakhalin energy glossary: connecting rod28) Automation: cross slide extension (конусной линейки токарного станка), drag link, motion rod, pitman (соединяющая, напр. коренной вал с ползуном пресса), pole, pull bar, strain stick, tension pole, tension stick29) Robots: stay ( соединительная), string, tendon (тросовая)30) Cables: draft (draught) (движение воздуха, газа), haul-off device, pull-off device31) Makarov: connection, connexion, draft (воздуха, топочных газов), drag, link (соединительный элемент рычажной системы), propulsion (сила, передаваемая движителю), stay, tensile member, tension arm, thrust (для воздушного транспорта), tie (соединительный элемент рычажной системы), tie member, tie-rod (соединительный элемент рычажной системы), traction (для наземного транспорта)32) Gold mining: draft regulated cell34) Tengiz: brace (металлич. стержень), rod (металлич. стержень)35) Combustion gas turbines: propulsive force, traction (напр., паровая, дизельная, электрическая и пр.) -
18 влияние стенок
1) Naval: boundary constraint influence, wall interference2) Mining: wall effect (скважины)3) Sakhalin energy glossary: wall effect4) Makarov: boundary effect, boundary effect (напр. аэродинамической трубы), boundary influence (канала), wall action, wall constraint, wall interference (напр. аэродинамической трубы), wall interference (сосуда, реактора)5) Combustion gas turbines: wall action (на поток) -
19 кумулятивное действие
1) Biology: cumulative action, cumulative effect2) Agriculture: cumulative effect (напр. ядохимикатов, лекарственных препаратов)3) Astronautics: Monroe effect, shaped-charge effect4) Gold mining: cumulative propertyУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > кумулятивное действие
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20 moc
Ⅰ f 1. sgt (siła psychiczna, fizyczna) power- moc moralna/wewnętrzna/duchowa a moral/an inner/a spiritual power- nadzieja dodaje ludziom mocy hope gives people power- z (całą) mocą strongly, wholeheartedly- z całej mocy with all one’s might; with might and main książk.2. sgt (wielka energia, siła) force- moc sztormu/wybuchu the force of the storm/explosion- oślepiająca moc reflektorów the dazzling effect of searchlights3. (zdolność wywierania wpływu) power- lecznicza moc ziół the therapeutic effect a. power of herbs- magiczna moc kamieni the magic power of stones- moc czyjegoś autorytetu the power of sb’s authority- moc opiekuńcza protective power- odczyniać złe moce to repel the powers of evil- przywoływać dobre moce to summon (up) the powers of good- moc sprawcza a prime mover- wiara w moc sprawczą Boga a belief in God’s power- niepokoi mnie rosnąca moc oddziaływania mediów I’m disturbed by the increasing power of the media’s influence4. sgt Prawo legal validity- moc dekretu/dokumentów the legal validity of a decree/documents- ustawa niedługo nabierze mocy the resolution will soon become legally enforceable- wydano dekret z mocą ustawy a decree having the force of law has been issued- moc wsteczna retroaction- pozostawać/utrzymywać się w mocy to be/remain in force5. Przem. capabilities- moce produkcyjne/przerobowe/wydobywcze productive/processing/mining capacity6. sgt (stężenie substancji) strength; (wina) body- moc alkoholu/herbaty/kawy/kwasu the strength of alcohol/tea/coffee/acid7. sgt przen. (wytrzymałość, odporność) strength- moc tkaniny/materiału the strength of fabric/material- dodatki do betonu zwiększają jego moc additives to concrete increase its strength8. sgt Fiz. power- moc elektrowni/reaktora the power of a power plant/a reactor- moc żarówki (light) bulb wattage- silnik o znacznej mocy a powerful engineⅡ pron. książk. a lot, a (whole) host- moc ludzi a lot a. a (whole) host of people- moc pozdrowień/życzeń my best regards/wishes- moc spraw/kłopotów a lot a. a (whole) host of affairs/problems- □ moc prawna Admin. force of law■ być w czyjejś mocy książk. to be in sb’s power- na a. z mocy czegoś książk. on the strength of sth- robić (wszystko), co w czyjejś a. ludzkiej mocy książk. to do everything in one’s power- wszystko/sprawa/decyzja leży w czyjejś mocy książk. everything/the matter/the decision is (with)in sb’s power* * *-y; -e; gen pl; -y; fpower; (argumentu, wybuchu) force, power, ( mnóstwo) plentyzrobić wszystko, co jest w czyjejś mocy — to do everything in one's power
na mocy tego prawa/porozumienia — under this law/agreement
z całej mocy lub z całą mocą — with all one's might
* * *f.pl. -e1. (= siła) power, strength, force; złe l. piekielne l. nieczyste moce the powers of darkness; to nie jest w mojej mocy it's beyond my powers, it's not within my powers; zrobiłem wszystko, co było w mojej mocy I did my utmost l. (very) best.2. (= zdolność) might, power, strength; z całej mocy with all one's might; uzdrawiająca moc ziół revitalizing power of herbs; stracić moc oddziaływania lose power, lose influence; moc produkcyjna capacity; moc przerobowa processing capacity.3. zwł. prawn. (= ważność) effective force, effectuality, vigor; na mocy prawa by the law, ipso iure; nabrać mocy (prawnej) become legally binding; pozostawać w mocy be l. remain in effect l. force, be effective l. legally binding; moc prawna force and effect, legal efficacy, vigor.4. (= wytrzymałość) strength, durability.5. zwł. chem. (= stężenie) strength, concentration; ( alkoholu) proof, strength.6. (= mnóstwo) plenty, lots of, a lot of, a whale of; moc ludu crowds l. throngs l. masses of people; moc kwiatów masses l. multitude of flowers.7. fiz. power; moc elektryczna electric power.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > moc
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